序号

成果名称

作者

出版社/ 刊物

日期期卷号

1

改革开放初期中国科学院“办院方针”之争

王丽娜

科学文化评论

2010，V.7，N.6，pp.5-22

中国科学院在1981年正式提出“侧重基础、侧重提高，为国民经济和国防建设服务”的办院方针后，旋即遭到中央领导人的质疑，由此引发了关于科学院办院方针是否需要修改的大讨论。本文主要梳理了此次办院方针之争的具体情形，并结合当时的社会背景探讨这一论争的意义。

Focus on basic research and improving, services for national economy and defense, it was formally put forward by Chinese Academy of Sciences as work guideline in 1981. Soon it was questioned by central leaders. And that attracted a discussion on work guideline of Chinese Academy of Sciences whether modified. The paper try to hackle the specific process of the controversy, and explore the significance of it.

2

《亚洲农业的过去、现在与未来》

曾雄生（编）

中国农业出版社

2010.11

3

《国家、医学与社会：〈太平圣惠方〉在宋代的应用与传播》

韩 毅

《宋史研究论丛》第11辑，河北大学出版社

2010.12，pp.499-535

4

《唐宋学术思想与文化史变迁研究综述》

韩 毅

李华瑞主编：《“唐宋变革论”的由来与发展》，天津古籍出版社

2010.12,pp.448-504

文章系统地回顾与梳理了20世纪以来有关唐宋学术思想与文化史变革的研究，对学术界的研究成果进行类型分类和观点介绍，并在此基础上，对“唐宋变革论”中有关思想文化史的研究提出一些思考。文章分六部分：一、问题与谈论；二、“唐宋变革论”的提出与日本学者对唐宋学术思想与文化变革的研究；三、中国学者对唐宋学术思想与文化变革的研究、认识与反思；四、欧美学者对唐宋学术思想与文化变革的研究、解释及其再思考；五.唐宋学术思想与文化变革研究的新趋向；六.唐宋学术思想与文化变革研究的特点及展望。

5

China and the International Geophysical Year

张九辰

Palgrave Macmillan

2010, pp.143-155.

In the history of science during the Cold War, the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958) has been often viewed as a great success story of global scientific collaboration across the Iron Curtain, with the only exception being the withdrawal of the People's Republic of China from the endeavor when the IGY organizers admitted Taiwan in 1957. Thanks to the research by Ronald Doel, we now know that the US State Department played a central role in the controversy by prompting Taiwan to apply for IGY membership but little is known about the Chinese side of the story. In this paper we propose to examine the Chinese sources to reconstruct the considerations that led China to join the IGY in the first place and the reactions to the Taiwan issue that eventually led to the withdrawal. We will also examine the impact of the IGY on Chinese geophysical research even after its formal withdrawal from the collaboration.

6

科学、知识与权利——日影观测与康熙在历法改革中的作用

韩 琦

自然科学史研究

2011,V.30,N.1,pp.1-18

17世纪60年代，受杨光先反教案的触动，康熙开始学习西学。他不仅在业余时间勤奋学习西方历算，也将科学作为控制汉人的手段。作为外来的知识，欧洲科学在康熙的政治生命中扮演了十分重要的角色。根据对1668年和1692年两次日影观测的分析，讨论了康熙学习西学的起因，以及他如何运用科学新知在汉族大臣面前作秀；并根据中西文史料，以1711年夏至日影观测为例，详细分析了事件发生的原委，康熙借助科学控制耶稣会士的目的，以及知识和权力交织的复杂背景，这将有助于理解1713年蒙养斋算学馆的建立和历法改革的真正原因。

Greatly impressed by the conflict between Yang Guangxian (1597-1669) and the Jesuit missionaries in the 1660’s, the Kangxi emperor began to learn Western science. He not only learned mathematical sciences diligently in his spare time but also used it as a tool to control people. As an alien knowledge system, European science played a significant role in his political life. Based on two observations of the sun’s shadows in 1668 and 1692, this paper tries to explain the reason why the Kangxi emperor began to learn Western science and how he showed off his ability in front of the Han Chinese officials using newly acquired scientific knowledge. Relying on Chinese, Manchu and European sources, this paper will give a detailed description of the observation of the sun’s shadow at summer solstice in 1711 in its social context. This will help to explain why the Kangxi emperor used science as a tool to control European Jesuits and launched the calendrical reform in 1713.

7

中国传统制针兴衰初探——兼及社会背景考察

王 斌

中国科技史杂志

2011,V.32,N.1,pp.38-48

中国传统制针历史悠久。明末清初，伴随商品经济的发展，传统制针业在一些冶铁中心地区呈现出繁荣景象。两次鸦片战争后，大量机制洋针进口，传统制针受到严重冲击而逐步衰落。20世纪初，中国人开始尝试建立机械制针工业。在描述中国传统制针的发展、繁荣到衰落、转型历史过程的同时，与西方制针技术的发展进行对比，并对中国传统制针兴衰的社会背景进行了考察。

Traditional Chinese needle-making had a long history. In the late Ming and early Qing China, with the development of commodity economy, traditional needle-making became prosperous in some iron-making centers. After the Opium Wars,a huge number of foreign mechanically-produced needles were imported into China, which had a great impact on traditional needle-making and led to its fall. This paper outlines the development, the prosperity, the declination and the transformation of traditional Chinese needle-making, makes a comparison to the development of needle-making in the West, and explores the social context of the rise and fall of traditional Chinese needle-making.

8

17世纪下半叶英国科学研究方法的转变

罗兴波

中国科技史杂志

2011,V.32,N.1,pp.49-60

第一次科学革命始自哥白尼，终于牛顿，并最终导致了近代科学的诞生。正因如此，17世纪的英国一直受到各国科学史研究者的关注。复兴于15世纪的新柏拉图主义，尽管于17世纪前期已经在欧洲大陆产生了重要影响，却对英国自然哲学研究者们影响甚小，他们依然按照培根式的经验主义哲学指导自己的研究工作。通过对成立于17世纪中叶的伦敦皇家学会进行考察，发现当时的英国自然哲学研究者群体经历了一个研究方法转变的过程：弗兰西斯·培根所倡导的实验哲学由于其自身存在缺陷无法满足实际的研究需要，于17世纪70至80年代受到了数学主义研究传统的冲击，正是在这个时期，英国自然哲学家们的研究方法发生了转变，引力问题的研究是使得这种转变最终完成的契机。

The history of science in Britain in the 17th century has attracted the attention of many researchers, for most of them believe that the first Scientific Revolution gave birth to modern science. Neo-Platonism, which revived in the 15th century in Europe, contributed to many achievements in natural philosophy by the 17th century, but had almost no impact on British researchers, who just followed the so-called “experimental philosophy” of Francis Bacon. Through analysis of the minutes of the Royal Society between 1660 and 1687, we have found that the research methods of British scientists changed from Bacon’s method to the mathematical method, which was praised highly by the Neo-Platonists. In the 1670s, the Fellows of the Royal Society realized that Bacon’s method was not the key to the universe, with the result that the mathematical method was introduced into their research. At the end of 1680s, many Fellows used this method very widely. The second half of the 17th century is the age of the transformation of the research methods of British science, the background of this transformation is the revival of Neo-Platonism, and the outcome is the establishment of the theory of gravity.

9

“中国特色”与中国现当代科学口述史浅议

王扬宗

中国科技史杂志

2011,V.32,N.1,pp.61-64

首先简略讨论了中国现当代科学技术事业的发展特点，如国家目标高于科学目标、科学与政治的紧密结合和以单位制度为核心的科研院所制度等，进而讨论了从事中国现当代科学口述史工作需要注意的问题，如个人与国家的关系、关于科技界的人脉关系和单位文化、重视普通科技工作者的口述史、恰当利用档案资料、加强现代社会科学训练等。

The author tries to analyses the Chinese way in contemporary China’s scientific development, and discusses briefly some problems in oral history in modern China, such as scientist and state, organizational culture, and archive studies and so on. 

10

霍尔丹与《代达罗斯》

刘 钝

科学文化评论

2011,V.8,N.1,pp.

11

学者本色——冰川学家、地理学家施雅风

张九辰

科学文化评论

2011,V.8,N.1,pp.

施雅风（1919-2011），冰川学家，地理学家，中国科学院院士。中国冰川考察与研究事业的开创者，中国冻土与泥石流考察与研究的创导者、组织者。1944年毕业于浙江大学史地系，获硕士学位。1949年以前任职于中国地理研究所。新中国成立后历任中国科学院地理研究所副研究员，生物学地学部副学术秘书，兰州冰川冻土研究所研究员、副所长、所长，地学部主任，兰州分院副院长等职。1985年6月起兼任南京地理与湖泊研究所研究员。

Yafeng Shi（1919-2011）, a glaciologist, geographer and Academician of Chinese Academy of Science （CAS）, is the initiator and organizer of the research and exploration on glacier, frozen soil and debris flows in China. He was graduated from history and geo-science department, Zhejiang University and got the master degree in 1944, following which he begun his career in the Chinese Institute of Geography before 1949. After the foundation of P.R.China, he successively held the posts of associate research fellow of the Institute of Geography, CAS; deputy academic secretary of the Department of Geoscience and Biology of CAS; research fellow, deputy director and director of the Institute of Glaciology and Cryopedology of CAS in Lanzhou; director of the Department of Geoscience of CAS; and vice-dean for the Branch of CAS in Lanzhou. From June 1985, he held a concurrent post of research fellow of the Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS in Nanjing.
Not only did Shi devote himself to the research career, but he also paid close attention to the Chinese social development. He dared to challenge authority while examine himself. Although many tribulations he had been through in his career, he never changed his orientation. This article gives a sketch of Shi’s academic and life experience, and it also depicts the true qualities of Chinese superexcellent scholar.

12

从澳门、香港到上海——19世纪中叶西方活字印刷技术在中国的传播

韩 琦

《出版文化的新世界：香港与上海》,上海人民出版社

2011，pp.141-151

13

技术与文明：贝特兰·吉尔的全球技术史模型

姚大志

《中国社会科学文摘》

2011,V.85,N1,pp.75-76

吉尔以技术系统概念为基础，建立了西方中心主义的全球技术史模型。不过，该模型与流行的中国古代技术史图景相冲突。为了将中国纳入全球技术史叙事当中，吉尔对中国中心主义的技术史模型进行了一系列改造。与此同时，吉尔也将中国归为技术进化停滞的文明，努力将其塑造为西方技术文明的他者。本文是对作者《论全球视野下的中国古代技术史模型》一文的转载。

Bertrand Gille makes a model of global history of techniques based on the concept of technical system. And however, there is a conflict between the popular model of ancient China and his own of global history. In order to embed Chinese history of techniques into the picture of global history, Gille remodels the history of Chinese techniques. And he tries to he treats China as a blocked technical system, namely, the Other of the western civilization.

14

梅洛-庞蒂，知觉的首要性以及知识的历史限度

姚大志译

《理解梅洛-庞蒂》，北京大学出版社

2011年3月，pp. 25-40